rpr dx w/refl titer and confirmatory testing
RPR Test What is a rapid plasma regin test (RPR)? A rapid plasma reagin test (RPR) is a blood test used to detect syphilis. It works by detecting non-specific antibodies that your body produces while fighting the infection. is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the Treponema pallidum spirochete bacteria. It can be fatal if it's not treated. Combined with specific antibodies tests, the RPR test allows your doctor to confirm the diagnosis of active infection and start your treatment. This reduces the chances of complications and the spread of the disease by an infected but unconscious person. Your doctor may order a RPR test for several reasons. It is a quick way to detect those who have a high risk of syphilis. Your doctor may also order this test if you have sores similar to syphilis or rash. Doctors also routinely examine pregnant women for syphilis using a RPR test. States used to require individuals seeking a marriage certificate to obtain a syphilis screening test. The only state that still requires a blood test of any kind is Montana, and a syphilis test is no longer included. The RPR test measures antibodies that are present in the blood of someone who has syphilis, instead of the bacteria that causes the disease. It can also be used to check the progress of treatment for active syphilis. After an effective antibiotic therapy course, your doctor would expect to see the number of dripping antibodies, and a RPR test could confirm this. Doctors get blood for the RPR test with a simple procedure called venipuncture. This can be done in your doctor's office or in a laboratory. You do not need to fast or take any other special measures before this test. The test includes the following steps: Ventilation is minimally invasive and carries very few risks. Some people complain of pain, bleeding or bruising after the test. You can apply an ice pack to the puncture wound to help relieve these symptoms. Some people may get heads of light or dizzy during the test. Tell the healthcare provider if your dizziness lasts longer than a few minutes. A normal RPR blood sample does not show antibodies usually produced during an infection. However, your doctor may not completely rule out syphilis if they do not see antibodies. Once you have been infected, it takes some time for your immune system to create antibodies. Shortly after infection, a test may not show any antibodies. This is known as a false negative. False negatives tend to be more common in the early and final stages of the infection. Among the people who are in the secondary (media) stage of infection, the result of the RPR test is almost always positive. The RPR test can also produce false positive results, suggesting that it has syphilis when not really. One reason for a false positive is the presence of another disease that produces antibodies similar to those produced during a syphilis infection. Some of the conditions that may cause a false positive are the following: If your result is negative, your doctor may ask you to wait a few weeks and then retest if you are at a higher risk of syphilis. This is due to the RPR test potential for a false negative. Due to the risk of false positive results, your doctor will confirm the presence of syphilis with a second test, one that is specific to antibodies against the bacteria that causes syphilis, before starting your treatment. One such test is called the . Your doctor will start you on antibiotic treatment, usually penicillin injected into the muscle, if your RPR and the ALC test both show signs of syphilis. The new infection usually responds to treatment quickly. At the end of the treatment, your doctor will most likely recommend you get another RPR test to make sure your antibody levels are decreasing. Last medical review on January 29, 2019Read this following
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